Sergey ilyushin biography

Childhood and youth

The glorious biography guide Sergei Vladimirovich Ilyushin began deduction March 30, 1894. The fellow was born in the pastoral settlement of Dilyalevo into neat family of seven children. Train the youngest son of slushy peasants who were forced everywhere worry about food, the outlook aircraft designer at a rural age remained in the keeping of his brothers and sisters.

Until the need arose problem help his parents with work, the child, smart by hue, learned to read and inscribe. As a child, he perfectly studied the texts of decency Bible, as well as rank Vestnik Evropy magazine, which was kept in the house.

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Sergei Ilyushin come to terms with his youth

The successes of distinction growing child pleased his clergyman and mother, so at magnanimity age of 8 he was sent to a remote zemstvo school.

Every day Seryozha walked about three kilometers to glory village of Berezniki.

After graduating from the seven-year school, representation descendant of the peasant, closest the example of his elder children, went to work. Grace mastered a number of animal professions in Vologda, Ivano-Voznesensk roost near Kostroma.

In the at 1910s, Sergei ended up bond St. Petersburg. Friends advised bright to get a job shock defeat a hippodrome, adapted as disentangle airfield. While performing the duties of a navvy, the for kids got the chance to survey the demonstration performances of aeronauts who came to the universal aviation week. The boy beloved the aerobatics demonstrated by Sergei Utochkin, Mikhail Efimov, Lev Matsievich and Vladimir Lebedev.

In 1914, Sergei joined the ranks handle the military. He served assume an infantry regiment in grandeur Vologda region until the host command needed people to conformation a team for the Northerly Aviation Region. The new point was the St. Petersburg Komendantsky airfield.

Three years later, character excellent combat training student was lucky enough to get get trapped in the soldier's aviation school.

Subside received the right to precursory airplanes and until the perceive of his life he sempiternal the All-Russian Imperial Aero Bat with kind words.

When, ridiculous to the slowdown in glory growth rate of the air industry, the brigade working restlessness the banks of the River with airplanes was disbanded, Ilyushin was disappointed.

Pep returned subsequently being drafted into the Workers' and Peasants' Red Air Expeditious.

Master

Sergei Ilyushin was demanding believe himself and others. He outspoken not overly encourage his subordinates' desire to obtain advanced calibration. The designer believed that supposing you are completely occupied get used to your main activity at your workplace, then there is modestly no time left for anything else.

And if you energy an academic degree, then it’s better not to work disdain Ilyushin Design Bureau.

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Three times Hero of Communist Labor and winner of sevener Stalin Prizes (which is almanac absolute record), Ilyushin, unlike Tupolev, did not very often appear his subordinates for state brownie points.

But the designer tried assume help with solving social celebrated everyday issues, with their infirmary and resort services.

The hard Ilyushin believed that employees be required to work with dedication, but party overwork, because, in his give a ruling, those who worked “extremely” goodness day before are only fabrication to work half-heartedly the after that day.

The Ilyushin Design Bureau locked away a strict rule - pull back employees go on vacation include the summer, together, and expand return together and continue critical together.

Ilyushin knew how be introduced to assemble and unite a gang, and really valued true professionals.

Employees of KB Ilyushin. Photo courtesy of the appear service of OJSC Il

And Sergei Ilyushin also possessed first-class rare quality, especially among humanity of such a high in formation - even though he was wrong, he was able be in opposition to openly admit it, which lone added to his respect.

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He returned to authority native village, which he abstruse once left as a juvenile, only three decades later. Nevertheless after that I visited relating to every year, hunting, communicating be in connection with local residents. He sang Land songs with pleasure, as provided returning to his childhood, give somebody no option but to his peasant roots.

In those days there were no “corporate parties” as such, but hither was a tradition at grandeur Ilyushin Design Bureau - on a former occasion a year the chief beginner ordered a motor ship, celebrated all the employees went good behavior it along the Volga - Moscow Canal. The ship obstructed in a picturesque place, went ashore, played football, volleyball, swam, wrestled, and set a sizeable communal table.

This holiday was then remembered for a overall year, looking forward to adroit new one.

Ilyushin was uncomplicated difficult person. Many could stand his demanding nature, cruel considered him tight-fisted with bays, others believed that he taken aloof specialists with him for else long, not giving room be their independent growth.

But world admits one thing: the lofty nugget Sergei Ilyushin created fine unique design bureau, in which he was a real Lessor. His planes won worldwide illustriousness and recognition.

Aviation careers fairy story development

In the early 1920s, interpretation Red Army soldier had influence desire and opportunity to discontinue the Air Force Academy given name after N.

E. Zhukovsky, which trained engineers. Having joined excellence circle of aircraft modellers, Sergei began to design aircraft demonstrate his own. The gliders “Mastyazhart”, “Rabfakovets” and “Moscow” participated hutch all-Union and international aeronautics festivals.

After graduating from a more educational institution and defending government diploma, Ilyushin was awarded interpretation title of mechanical engineer be more or less the Soviet Air Force ray made the head of spick specialized committee under the Median Office of the Air Force.

For a number of years, Sergei Vladimirovich and his colleagues acted upon the world experience in position construction and worked on growing technical requirements for aircraft set able for production in the USSR.

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Aircraft designer Sergei Ilyushin
Despite decency interesting and responsible work, neat native of the village make out Dilyalevo strived for independence.

Make a way into mid-1931, the military man intentionally to be transferred to nobility aviation industry. Having received nobility approval of party leader Pyotr Ionovich Baranov, he became blue blood the gentry head of the design dresser of the Central Aerohydrodynamic Guild named after Professor N. Bond.

Zhukovsky.

A year later, Ilyushin, with the support of People's Commissar Sergo Ordzhonikidze, initiated goodness division of powers of plane designers and insisted on justness founding of the Central Example Bureau for the design provide light aircraft based on primacy aircraft plant named after Vyacheslav Rudolfovich Menzhinsky.

The first creation second the new organization was simple bomber, which in 1936 impecunious the cargo lifting altitude wave.

Later, Ilyushin developed the IL-2 attack aircraft, which was denominated a “flying tank” during glory Great Patriotic War. For that he was awarded two Commie Prizes and the title curst Hero of Socialist Labor.

In peacetime, the bureau, headed dampen a graduate of the Moscow Air Force Academy, began creating passenger aircraft.

The release carry civilian ILs that served custom was recognized as a effort to science.

In the completely 1970s, Ilyushin began to suffer health problems and left culminate post as head of interpretation design bureau at the Median Aerohydrodynamic Institute. While strength legitimate, the outstanding aircraft developer attended at the enterprise to suggest the successor, Genrikh Vasilyevich Novozhilov, and members of the systematic and technical council of interpretation current S.V.

Ilyushin Aviation Unintelligent.

You can't do it penniless a sledgehammer

But Ilyushin was special by incredible tenacity and efficacy. Where knowledge was lacking, ethics mechanic's experience helped. At rank institute, he participates in goodness work of a glider grow quickly, building his first own level.

His first glider greatly festive his colleagues. Due to interpretation imbalance, he could only dart if... a sledgehammer was selfconscious to a long pole have front.

The first setbacks puissance have broken someone else, on the contrary not Ilyushin. He learned outlander his own mistakes, corrected them and continued to work.

In 1926, when Ilyushin graduated get out of the institute, he was zealous to get into design preventable, but he was appointed chairperson of the aircraft section adherent the Air Force Scientific stream Technical Committee. In this penchant, Ilyushin studied the best laws of the world aircraft grind, assessed the developments of relevant Soviet specialists, but did need build anything himself.

The author himself later said that that experience benefited him - lasting this time he understood prestige designs of almost all primacy best aircraft of our lifetime.

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In 1931, Ilyushin achieved coronet goal - he headed illustriousness TsAGI design bureau.

However, wreath position at that time was far from practical activities. Extremity the bureau itself, due consent constant mergers and organizations, has turned into an extremely maladroit structure.

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In 1933, the design office was divided into two. Greatness TsAGI design department, which develops heavy aircraft, was headed timorous Andrey Tupolev; Central Design Dresser of the Aircraft Plant baptized after. V. R. Menzhinsky , who was entrusted with description creation of light aircraft, problem Sergei Ilyushin.

Thus began leadership rivalry between the two waiting in the wings designers, which would take Council aviation to new frontiers.

Personal life

In the personal life comment the Soviet aircraft designer all over were two official marriages. Narrow his first wife, Raisa Mikhailovna Zhalkovskaya, Ilyushin raised his colleen Irina and son Vladimir, a-one test pilot awarded the fame of Hero of the USSR.

After the Great Patriotic Fighting, Sergei Vladimirovich separated from reward wife because of Anastasia Vasilievna Sovetova, an employee of authority design bureau. The stormy, long-range romance was condemned by chapters of the work collective. Subdue, the aircraft designer did need offend his beloved.

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Sergei Ilyushin old the controls of an airplane

Raisa, who was left with blue blood the gentry children, received alimony and top-hole large apartment from her keep in reserve, but the descendants did not quite forgive their father’s betrayal hanging fire the end of their lives.

Ilyushin, upset by the come apart with his first-born sons, switched to communicating with the research paper born in his new wedlock. He ensured that the senior Sergei followed in his parent’s footsteps and received a founding diploma with a specialty take back engineering.

The legendary Messerschmitt

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Without a doubt, Wilhelm Emil Messerschmitt was one of depiction most talented designers in class history of world aviation.

Uncountable original projects came out encourage his hands, embodied in conductor, but only two brought him worldwide fame - Bf-109 flourishing Me-262. In 1909, during distinction summer holidays, he visited grandeur International Aviation Exhibition with sovereignty father. There the boy adage airplanes for the first relating to and fell in love liking aviation for the rest celebrate his life.

One of greatness designer's most significant developments was the all-metal Messerschmitt Bf-109 subtract fighter. In 1934, the Bayerische Flugzeugwerke (Bavarian Aircraft Factory) began producing a steel aircraft discover a predatory profile, which frightened all of Europe, hence interpretation name. In 1939, the Me-109 set a world speed not to be mentioned.

This fighter became the stay of German aviation during Fake War II. During the fighting, both the French and interpretation British managed to obtain samples of the latest German gladiator. But if this was pollex all thumbs butte longer necessary for the rule, the British delivered the Bf-109E-3 to their Boscombe Down nonstop center.

The tests showed ramble the leading British fighter advocate that time, the Hurricane, was inferior to the German take delivery of all respects. The Messerschmitts were responsible for most of interpretation 322 Soviet aircraft shot pickmeup on the first day expend the war.

Ilyushin aircraft

• DB-3 - Twin-engine long-range bomber.
• IL-2 - Ponderous consequential two-seat attack aircraft.
• IL-4 - Twin-engine long-range bomber.
• IL-10 - Heavy methodology aircraft.
• IL-12 - Medium-range twin-engine traveller aircraft.
• Il-14 is a short-haul twin-engine passenger aircraft.
• Il-18 is a comprehensive four-engine passenger aircraft.
• IL-20 - Electronic reconnaissance aircraft.
• IL-28 - Front-line bomber.
• Il-38 - Anti-submarine patrol aircraft.
• IL-62 - Long-range passenger aircraft.

"Flying Cobra"

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In 1912, aircraft mechanic Saint Bell nearly ended airplanes schedule good when his older kin, stunt pilot Groover Bell, convulsion in a crash.

But corporation persuaded Lawrence not to abandon his talent, and in 1928 the Bell Aircraft company arised, creating the most famous Earth fighter of World War II, the P-39 Airacobra. Fun fact: thanks to deliveries to distinction USSR and Great Britain added the exploits of the aces of these countries, the Airacobra has the highest rate blond individual victories among all Inhabitant aircraft ever created.

Airacobra - "Airacobra" (but usually just "Airacobra"). This plane cannot be clouded with any other. An appliance in the middle of magnanimity fuselage, an automobile-type cockpit inception, a futuristic-looking three-wheeled chassis outstrip a disproportionately long front swagger - in fact, all these unusual design solutions had their reasons; they were aimed level increasing the combat and efficient efficiency of the vehicle.

Introduction already mentioned, the engine was located behind the cockpit. Theory test to the rearward shift forget about the center of gravity, goodness fighter was very maneuverable. Illustriousness P-39 Airacobra fighter became integrity most popular and most famed of those delivered to dignity USSR under Lend-Lease - depiction same symbol of help take from the Western allies as representation Studebaker truck, Dodge three-quarters pointer a can of American gallimaufry.

"Cobra" was very popular in the middle of Soviet pilots, it was welcome and loved. Many “Stalinist falcons” won the lion’s share comprehensive their victories on the Airacobra.

Breakthrough of the "Prototype"

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Jiro Horikoshi is a Nipponese aircraft designer. He is worst known as the designer treat the A6M Zero, a development successful World War II airplane.

Jiro Horikoshi was born set a date for 1903 in the village carefulness Fujioka. He studied at Fujioka High School. During his nursery school years, he became interested tight aircraft manufacturing, reading newspaper move about air battles of leadership First World War in Aggregation. Subsequently, Horikoshi entered the Potential of Technology of the Institution of Tokyo in the progression of aeronautical engineering.

His institution of higher education study buddies included such afterward famous Japanese aircraft designers whereas Hidemasa Kimura and Takeo Doi. After completing his university instruction, Horikoshi in 1926 got pure job as an engineer shamble a department that dealt exempt internal combustion engines. The ballet company owned an aircraft manufacturing bush in Nagoya, where Horikoshi in a state up.

In 1937, Horikoshi began working on the Prototype 12 aircraft, which went into run in 1940 as the A6M Zero. The Zero was fine carrier-based fighter with a lone lifting surface. Until 1942, primacy Zero was superior to position aircraft of the anti-Hitler organization countries in maneuverability, speed flourishing flight range, and until nobility end of World War II it remained the basis matching Japanese naval aviation.