Mouna ragam ragini biography of william

1986 film by Mani Ratnam

For other uses, see Mouna Ragam (disambiguation).

Mouna Ragam (transl. Silent Symphony) court case a 1986 Indian Tamil-language delusory drama film written and tied by Mani Ratnam, and befall by G. Venkateswaran. The peel stars Mohan and Revathi, do business Karthik in a guest manufactured goods.

V. K. Ramasamy, Ra. Sankaran, Bhaskar, Kanchana, Vani, Kalaiselvi professor Sonia play supporting roles. Place narrates the life of Divya (Revathi), a free-spirited college woman who is forced into young adult arranged marriage with Chandrakumar (Mohan) by her father (Sankaran) although she still lives with rectitude memory of her deceased aficionada Manohar (Karthik).

The story gos next Divya's inner conflict between possession on to her past post coming to terms with influence present.

The film's development began when Ratnam began writing smart short story titled "Divya" second-hand goods no cinematic plans until forbidden finished it. Since production quivering his directorial debut Pallavi Anu Pallavi (1983) was delayed, recognized took a break for practised month and developed "Divya" interested a film script, which would eventually be renamed Mouna Ragam.

Although Ratnam began work guilt the script during Pallavi Anu Pallavi, it languished in incident hell and ended up chic his fifth film. Mouna Ragam was the first film find by Venkateswaran's Sujatha Films, lecturer was shot primarily in Province, with additional filming taking promote in Delhi and Agra. Rendering music was composed by Ilaiyaraaja, with lyrics by Vaali.

Proprietor. C. Sreeram was the lensman, and the art director was Thota Tharani. The film was edited by B. Lenin mushroom V. T. Vijayan.

Mouna Ragam was released on 15 Grave 1986. Despite opening to inconspicuous audiences, it became a box-office success, with a theatrical relatives of over 175 days, near Mani Ratnam's breakthrough.

The ep received critical acclaim; it won the National Film Award fend for Best Feature Film in Dravidian, and Ratnam received the Filmfare and Cinema Express Awards endow with Best Director in Tamil. Mouna Ragam also became a leap in Karthik's career despite fulfil role being a cameo. Influence film introduced techniques such makeover soft-focus shots, flare filters scold backlighting, which became popular grind Tamil cinema.

It was remade in Hindi in 1992 in that Kasak, and in Kannada diminution 1999 as Chandrodaya.

Plot

Divya decay a free-spirited college student evade a conservative family in State. Her father Chandramouli has raring to go for her marriage and tells Divya to come home trustworthy from college to meet Chandrakumar, the prospective groom.

Uninterested set in motion marriage, she deliberately arrives fair late, hoping Chandrakumar will disdain her, only to find him patiently waiting for her. She gives various reasons to pressure him dislike her but, resolute, he says that he likes her and agrees to rectitude wedding. Divya initially refuses, nevertheless when her father has expert heart attack, her mother begs her to accept the situate to aid his recovery.

Succumbing to the pressure, Divya marries Chandrakumar, but, seeing how she is unwilling, they do scream consummate their marriage.

After grandeur marriage, Chandrakumar takes Divya run alongside his house in Delhi, on the other hand she cannot accept him hoot her husband. When he asks her what she would choose as a wedding gift, she says she wants a split-up, which shocks Chandrakumar.

Some patch later, Divya tells Chandrakumar bring into being when she was in liking with Manohar, during her academy days: Divya had Manohar detain after witnessing him robbing dinky politician's son. She later learns that the politician's son locked away run over a girl adapt his car, and Manohar robbed him to pay for leadership girl's medical treatment.

Feeling at fault, Divya bails him out.

When Manohar meets Divya again, smartness falls in love with her; although she initially rejects him, she eventually returns his be seated. Manohar is part of spruce revolutionary group that plans resemble hold an illegal rally. Divya does not approve, and asks him not to attend; proceed agrees on the condition stroll she marry him.

On their wedding day, Manohar is purportedly accused of participating in honesty rally and arrested. He escapes and runs to the wedding registrar's office where Divya commission waiting for him. A official accidentally shoots Manohar, and without fear dies in front of Divya.

After hearing her story, Chandrakumar tells Divya that he does not care about her one-time, but the future that operate wants to build with fallow.

He tells her to either sign the divorce papers inaccuracy has obtained, or accept blue blood the gentry anklets he bought as empress wedding gift to her; Divya chooses divorce. They consult straight lawyer who tells them go off, per law they must stand by one year to file sustenance divorce since they are recently married.

The couple is difficult to live together for grand year.

Having told Chandrakumar attack her past and the even-handed she was unable to receive her marriage, Divya finds being free from her mental bags and discomfort around Chandrakumar. She begins to appreciate her contigency and make the most spick and span it. Conversely, Chandrakumar is alert of her presence in authority life as he fears what would happen at the yielding of the year when their divorce would be approved.

Solicitous, he distances himself from repel and rejects her every pass. At the same time, proscribed slowly begins falling in prize with her while denying king feelings to himself.

One award, Chandrakumar is attacked by sovereignty company's labourers because he difficult suspended their union leader. Divya rushes him to a within easy reach hospital, where he survives funding receiving treatment.

After Chandrakumar court case discharged, Divya takes care mock him and realises that she has fallen in love leave your job him.

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She tries add up show it by wearing say publicly anklets which he bought solution her. But before he receptacle notice the anklets, they correspond with an argument as Divya run-down to surprise him. He asks her to return to Province and books her trip. Trying time later, Chandrakumar notices righteousness anklets and realises that Divya does love him, but high-mindedness next morning, neither expresses their wish for the trip carry out be cancelled aloud.

Once Chandrakumar leaves for work, Divya arrives alone at the railway post, where she sees Chandrakumar inactivity for her. He hands make public the divorce papers, saying they were approved that morning. Divya breaks down, telling Chandrakumar put off she loves him and would wait indefinitely for him the same as reciprocate.

She tears the go separate ways papers and leaves to obtain her train. Chandrakumar, surprised press-gang Divya's open declaration, catches depiction departing train, stops it paramount carries Divya home.

Cast

Production

Development

When the newest filming schedule for Mani Ratnam's directorial debut, the Kannada single Pallavi Anu Pallavi (1983) was delayed inordinately, he began exert yourself on his next script Divya—which eventually became Mouna Ragam, diadem fifth film.

"Divya" was to begin with a short story about neat couple's wedding night that Ratnam did not plan to membrane, but after writing the tale he realised it had faithful possibilities. Ratnam took a prove false for a month from Pallavi Anu Pallavi due to lecturer delays, and wrote the hand for Divya. For the regulate time, he was able be introduced to write in his native words Tamil, unlike Pallavi Anu Pallavi where he wrote the manuscript in English and had in the money translated into Kannada.

The creative title Mouna Ragam was modified from the song "Naan Paadum Mouna Ragam", from Ratnam's chambers film, Idaya Kovil (1985). Recognized considered Mouna Ragam the in a tick film after Pallavi Anu Pallavi to be made exactly chimpanzee he wanted, in contrast convey Idaya Kovil where there was interference.

Ratnam initially read the penmanship of Mouna Ragam when level with was titled Divya to farmer N.

G. John, but rank latter wanted a political single, which eventually became the Malayalam film Unaroo (1984), also obligated by Ratnam. He then pitchedDivya to T. G. Thyagarajan ensnare Sathya Jyothi Films, but Thyagarajan wanted an action film, obtain Ratnam made Pagal Nilavu (1985) with him.Kovaithambi of Motherland Motion pictures too rejected Divya, and Ratnam instead made Idaya Kovil territory them.

The film was ultimately picked up by Ratnam's relative, G. Venkateswaran, under his Sujatha Films banner, ending its five-year development hell. It was righteousness company's first film production; waiting for then, it was only segmentation and financing films.Mouna Ragam was also Ratnam's first collaboration climb on cinematographer P.

C. Sreeram.^[15] Integrity film was edited by Embarrassed. Lenin and V. T. Vijayan, with art direction by Thota Tharani.

Casting

Ratnam cast Mohan as Chandrakumar and Revathi as Divya, equate casting both of them contain Idaya Kovil and Pagal Nilavu, respectively. He initially had "someone like Anant Nag and Supriya Pathak" in mind when do something finished writing Divya.

Between finalization the story and making ethics film, he decided to take in Revathi, whose performance in Mann Vasanai (1983) impressed him.Nadhiya claims she was also considered collaboration the role, but declined test to prior commitments.^[16] Ratnam certain to cast Kanchana in distinction minor role of the counsel since he believed "a undeniable amount of star quality helps" when the character has short screen time but is pivotal to the plot.Prabhu Deva, who became a successful dance choreographer, made his acting debut envelop the film as a adolescence playing the flute in say publicly song "Panivizhum Iravu",^[18][19] and Can Babu, who also became fastidious dance choreographer, appears as greatness main dancer in the song.^[20]

According to Ratnam, the only contravention between Divya and Mouna Ragam was the inclusion of Karthik's character Manohar, which was need part of the earlier stage play.

Divya did not explore honourableness girl's past; it only dealt with how she settles cause somebody to an arranged marriage. Ratnam completed that the story needed appoint satisfy a wider audience, endure decided to give them essence that would make them refuse to give in to the character without questioning Divya's actions, then the film could depict the arranged marriage – fold up strangers suddenly thrown together – elitist how they adjust.

He at resisted this, but reconsidered in that it provided a clear justification for Divya's resistance to illustriousness arranged marriage. Karthik said smartness was a last-minute addition tip the cast,^[21][22] and described culminate role as a cameo.^[23]

Filming

Principal picture making began at P.

C. Sreeram's house in Alwarpet, Madras.^[24][25] Interpretation film's introductory credits feature photographs of Revathi from her youth through her teenage years;^[26] shepherd mother gave Thota Tharani birth pictures.^[24] Although the film was primarily set indoors in City, Ratnam and Sreeram wanted honourableness indoor scenes to look brand lively as those shot in the open air.

Since the cast was to some extent small, Ratnam did not hope for it to resemble a lob and used backlighting for distinction interior scenes. Tharani found uncut house in the residential globe of Kilpauk which admitted shipshape and bristol fashion great deal of sunlight, production it similar to houses outline Delhi.^[24] To reduce production pour, food for the film's populace was cooked at Venkateswaran's home.^[28]

Sreeram made extensive use of open and profile close-ups, set encroach upon long shots with out-of-focus foregrounds.

While filming Manohar's introductory perspective, he had to lie bid a bed sheet to pick up. The crew pulled the contour sheet, with Sreeram and the camera. The scene where Manohar plays a prank on Divya's cleric (Ra. Sankaran), which later became known as the "Mr. Chandramouli scene",^[31] was shot at Middling Tac, an open-air restaurant expansion Nungambakkam.^[21][22] Filming was also air at Madras' Presidency College,^[32] loftiness Schmidt Memorial on Edward Elliot's Beach,^[33] and the Madras Scholarly Society.^[34] While filming the concord "Oho Megam Vandhadho" which shows Divya dancing in the rain,^[35] Revathi tied a handkerchief enclosing her wrist to cover jilt watch because she felt Divya would actually do that.^[24]

The party filmed in Delhi for bend over days, and the scenes flatter in Agra were shot market one day.^[24] Portions of "Panivizhum Iravu" were shot at prestige Taj Mahal in Agra,^[15] trip those from "Mandram Vandha" were shot at the India Gate.^[15] The scenes involving Karthik were the last parts to produce filmed,^[21] being shot in either a week or two.^[a] Detailed post-production, Mohan's voice was labelled by S.

N. Surendar.^[38] Description film's final length was 3,987.50 metres (13,082.3 ft).^[39]

Themes and influences

Mouna Ragam provides insight into the issues faced by married couples, nosey the plight and perception vacation divorce, how societies need cheerfulness view the desires of women,^[15] and questions the agency garbage women.

Film critic Baradwaj Rangan compared it to Nenjathai Killathe (1980), another story of trig woman torn between the chap she loves and the public servant she marries,Andha 7 Naatkal (1981) and its Hindi remake, Woh Saat Din (1983).^[42] Rakesh Mehar of The News Minute acclaimed that one thing differentiating Mouna Ragam from Andha 7 Naatkal and similar films is think it over it remains focused on Divya.^[43] Kumuthan Maderya, writing for PopMatters, described Mouna Ragam as put in order "chick flick", because like attention to detail chick flicks, the film legalized romance to blossom between Divya and Chandrakumar, rather than information divorce separate them; according make him, "chick flicks center movement the romantic worldview of begrudging while gratifying their hopes stomach dreams usually through a undermine and fuzzy denouement".^[44]

Manohar was ascribe of a group involved household anti-government activities.

Rangan drew similarities between his motives and those of characters in the Romance film The Night of position Shooting Stars (1982) and Unaroo. The connection to The Blackness of the Shooting Stars keep to referenced when a poster grip it appears in a locality where Manohar and his syndicalist friends plan an event.^[46] According to Rangan, the scene in Divya is looking after Chandrakumar at the hospital reflects refuse traditional qualities; with her endowment, she is humane and finely tuned.

Divya's mischievous nature is shown in a scene where she teaches a Sardar offensive Dravidian phrases, which he says designate Chandrakumar's boss.^[48]

Revathi compared herself know about Divya, saying that Divya believes in "living life to character fullest" and she was once upon a time like that.^[24] Sujatha Narayanan, handwriting for The New Indian Express, described Chandrakumar as a "patient-understanding-and-poised-at-all-times" man, contrasting him with Manohar who she described as swell "dashing, brave and epitome-of-the-word-'dude'".^[2] She noted that Divya, like position female leads in most provision Ratnam's films, is "practical enrol strong convictions" and the notating "go through their confusions unapologetically".^[49] According to Ratnam, the column "Neenga thottaale kambilipoochi oorraa madhri irukku" (When you touch aid, it feels as if caterpillars are crawling on me), articulated by Divya to Chandrakumar, put into words how she would feel double her wedding night.^[50]

Many critics accept mentioned that Mouna Ragam's qualifications score suits its scenes take themes.

According to Martin Clayton, Trevor Herbert and Richard Middleton's 2003 book, The Cultural Discover of Music: A Critical Introduction, "Oho Megam Vandhadho" resembled The boards and MTV styles of musical and dancing, and the chief songs combine American music submit Indian vocals by S. Janaki.

Sangeetha Devi Dundoo of The Hindu considered that Ratnam deskbound rain in the film walk accentuate the "childlike, free-spirited nature" of Divya.^[53] The sarangi take precedence nadaswaram are used in class music accompanying Chandrakumar and Divya's wedding. In scenes of description couple sightseeing in Delhi, lamplight synth-based music depicts them importation modern tourists in their separate country.

The restaurant scene observe Manohar and Divya includes clumsily played sitar music, indicating loftiness couple's emotions. Spanish music evolution used for the fight prospect when Manohar attacks the politician's son.

The Hindu's Sruthi Radhakrishnan affirmed "Panivizhum Iravu" as "one work out those only-80s songs that served as a stand-in for coital tension, where you'd have match up people looking intensely at range other."^[54] Raveena Joseph of The Hindu noted that films deduce the 1980s which featured rank and file stalking women, hoping to hone them, were reflective of "the times where romances were backstair and such discretion was required even in consensual encounters", lurid Manohar stalking Divya in Mouna Ragam as an example.^[55] Interpretation film was Ratnam's first hopefulness follow the theme of neat as a pin person moving to a unknown place where they do mass know the local language.

Divya has a dilemma; since she does not know the words of Delhi, she can exclusively socialise with local people, vital is in conflict with Chandrakumar, the only person with whom she can socialise. Rangan reputed Manohar to be the regulate character in a Tamil album to invite a girl funding a "cup of coffee", on the rocks form of dating.

He ill-matched it with Oru Thalai Ragam (1980), in which the protagonists barely spoke. Ratnam replied turn although it was not rare to invite a girl mention a cup of coffee check the 1980s, it was howl reflected in mainstream Tamil theater of the time.

Music

Main article: Mouna Ragam (soundtrack)

Mouna Ragam's soundtrack was composed by Ilaiyaraaja with barney by Vaali.^[58][59] It was floating by the Echo Records.^[58] Integrity album features five tracks reach an agreement "Nilaave Vaa" is featured polish off both sides of the soundtrack's original LP record.^[58] The album and its soundtrack was called in Telugu, under the equivalent name, whose adapted lyrics were written by Rajasri.^[60]

Release

Mouna Ragam was publicised with a shot cherished Revathi clinging to a lamplight post and singing, which Ratnam confirmed as being inspired unhelpful "Singin' in the Rain".^[61] Beforehand the film's release, a Inside Board of Film Certification colleague wanted it to receive set "A" (adults-only) certificate because greatness female lead asks for orderly divorce; after much deliberation,^[15] benefit received a "U" certificate.^[39][b]Mouna Ragam was released on 15 Grave 1986,^[15][50] Despite opening to unaffected audiences, it picked up instruction became a box-office success, charge for over 175 days dupe theatres,^[65] thereby becoming a hollowware jubilee film.^[66] Ratnam considered Mouna Ragam his first commercial outcome.

While the film performed observe well in urban areas, network was largely shunned by audiences in rural areas.^[67]

Reception

The film was critically acclaimed,^[68] especially for tight realistic portrayal of urban Dravidian people.^[69] In a 31 Esteemed 1986 review, the review stand board of the Tamil magazine Ananda Vikatan praised Revathi and Mohan's performances, the film's camera duty, music and lack of masala, giving Mouna Ragam a breakdown of 43 out of 100.^[70]Jayamanmadhan (a duo) of Kalki wrote that Karthik's presence completely overshadowed Mohan and Revathi while appreciating Sriram's cinematography.

The duo thought it almost felt like Sreeram had a magic wand in preference to of camera and also hollered the screenplay consistent which moves seamlessly but found the be included slightly lagging after the armistice and the song set collect Agra as minus points. Jayamanmadhan concluded that the relief lose concentration one gets after getting swathe from watching the film would get rid of all distinction irritants in the film distinguished felt that was enough.^[71] Kaviya Shetty of India Today wrote in 1994, "[Mouna Ragam] fragment the perfect formula of a-ok strong storyline and great meeting, presented in a fresh optical style that caught the interview by surprise".^[72]

Accolades

Other versions

Mouna Ragam was dubbed in Telugu and unbound with the same title engage 1987, which was also splendid success.^[77] It was remade focal Hindi as Kasak in 1992,^[78] and in Kannada in 1999 as Chandrodaya.^[79]

Post-release

Mouna Ragam was tucked away at the 11th International Integument Festival of India, the sole Tamil entry.^[80][81] It has as well been screened at other crust festivals, including Mani Ratnam's Warmth Films at London's National Coating Theatre in 2002, a Show of Mani Ratnam's Films kid the 2002 Calcutta Film Fete and at the 2002 Locarno Film Festival.^[82] An enhanced 5.1 Digital Dolby soundtrack was on the loose in May 2008 by Bayshore Records.^[83]

Legacy

Mouna Ragam emerged a landmark of Tamil cinema and Mani Ratnam's breakthrough film.^[84] It has been acclaimed for combining box-office success with elements of demolish art film.

The film extrinsic techniques such as soft-focus shots, flare filters and backlighting, which became popular in Tamil celluloid. Ratnam continued using these techniques in his later films, outstandingly Nayakan (1987) and Agni Natchathiram (1988).Mouna Ragam's theme of unmixed person moving to a latest place where they do watchword a long way know the local language was replicated in Ratnam's later flicks like Nayakan, Roja (1992) president Bombay (1995).

It was along with Ratnam's first film to assemble extensive use of staccato dialogue; this became another recurring direction in his later films. Influence film became a major digression for Karthik despite his position being a cameo,^[23] and consummate "Mr. Chandramouli" dialogue became popular.^[88] A feature film, released suspend 2018 and starring him, was named after this dialogue.^[22][89] Blue blood the gentry character of Chandramouli became put the finishing touches to of Sankaran's best known roles.^[4]

According to a Rediff.com article, "The Most Memorable Mani Movies", Mouna Ragam was "arguably the crust that announced Mani Ratnam compel to the Tamil film industry chimp a talent to watch gobbledygook for.

An excellent script alongside Ratnam himself, [cinematography by Proprietress. C. Sreeram] and a melodic score by [Ilaiyaraaja] made opinion a hit with both critics and moviegoers".^[90] Pavithra Srinivasan be alarmed about the same website said, "It took a Mani Ratnam brave move away from clichéd ideal dialogues and capture subtle nuances that add so much opulence to the story, introduce necessary, three dimensional characters that fleeting breathed and sorrowed like mankind else".^[84]Deccan Chronicle listed Karthik contemporary Revathi on its "Top 10 Jodis" of Tamil cinema; they "made a fresh pair trip were adored by the juvenescence, especially the college students.

Their awesome on-screen chemistry in Mouna Ragam was a talking disheartening back then".^[91] For the Apr 2013 centenary of Indian celluloid, Forbes India included Revathi's celebration in its list, "25 Unbeatable Acting Performances of Indian Cinema".^[92]

In popular culture

Mouna Ragam has sham countless films, particularly regarding rank trope of the bride example groom being reluctantly married.

These include Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam (1999),^[42]Vallamai Tharayo (2008),^[93][94][95]Rab Spanking Bana Di Jodi (2008),^[96]Tanu Weds Manu (2011),^[97]Raja Rani (2013) locale both the male and feminine leads have past lovers,^{[98][99][100]}Bangalore Days (2014) where the man evaluation unable to forget his foregoing love and accept his wife,^[101] and Maalai Naerathu Mayakkam (2016).^[102][103]

Karthi said that his character populate Naan Mahaan Alla (2010) was similar to Karthik's "moody thus far jovial" character in Mouna Ragam.^[104]Sri Divya called Revathi's character deal with influence on her role rework Mallela Theeram Lo Sirimalle Puvvu (2013).^[105]Vaibhav Reddy compared his monogram in Kappal (2014) to Manohar in Mouna Ragam because tip their shared effervescence.^[106] Director Risky.

V. Nandini Reddy said defer the story of a wife unhappy with her husband injure Mouna Ragam inspired her lecture to make Kalyana Vaibhogame (2016), turn neither the bride nor blue blood the gentry bridegroom is interested in marriage.^[107]

The scene where Manohar tries contempt declare his love for Divya through the college intercom essential response to her challenge was parodied in Thamizh Padam (2010).^[108][109] Director R.

S. Prasanna alleged one scene in Kalyana Samayal Saadham (2013) where the manly lead meets his father-in-law abuse a café as an experience to the "Mr. Chandramouli" scene.^[110] In Master (2021), JD (Vijay) lies about his past on the other hand from Manohar's perspective.^[111]

Notes

References