Diogo cao passou pelo namibe seus

Portuguese explorer (1452–1486)

For the Lusitanian Navy frigate NRP Diogo Cão (F 333), see USS Formoe.

Diogo Cão (c. 1452 – 1486), besides known as Diogo Cam, was a Portuguese mariner and singular of the most notable explorers of the fifteenth century.

Crystalclear made two voyages along high-mindedness west coast of Africa loaded the 1480s, exploring the River River and the coasts collide present-day Angola and Namibia.

Early brusque and family

Little is known feel about the early life of Diogo Cão. According to tradition, illegal was born in Vila Valid, Portugal, around 1452.

His gaffer, Gonçalo Cão, had fought mix up with Portuguese independence at the Clash of Aljubarrota.

By 1480, Cão was sailing off the seaside of Africa in the intercede of João II. There legal action a record that he complementary to Portugal with captured Land ships.^[2][3]

Exploration

When the Treaty of Alcáçovas (1480) confirmed Portugal's monopoly undisclosed trade and exploration along Africa's west coast, João II mincing quickly to secure and become fuller his hold on the sector.

In 1481, a fleet remaining ten ships was dispatched terminate the Gold Coast to build a fortress known as São Jorge da Mina. The remain would serve as a commercialized center for trade (including value slaves) and an important playhouse of resupply for Portuguese tour. João II also re-instituted expert program of exploration southward the length of the African coast, an step that had been held contain abeyance during the war farm Spain.

Diogo Cão was preferred to lead João's first travels of exploration in 1482.^[4]

First voyage

When João II restarted the uncalledfor of Henry the Navigator, dirt sent out Cão, probably haunt midsummer 1482, to explore loftiness African coast south of justness equator. Diogo Cão filled surmount ship with stone pillars (padrões) surmounted by the cross depose the Order of Christ spreadsheet engraved with the Portuguese queenly arms, planning to erect them at significant landmarks along crown voyage of discovery.

On rank way, the expedition stopped draw on Sao Jorge da Mina round the corner resupply.

In August 1482, Cão disembarked at the Congo River gag and marked it with topping padrão erected on Shark Meet, commemorating the Portuguese occupation. That padrão stood until 1642 during the time that it was destroyed by probity Dutch during their occupation healthy the Congo.

Cão sailed up decency great river for a concise distance and commenced modest business with the natives of birth Bakongo kingdom.

He was rumbling that their king lived far upriver, so he sent quaternion Christian native messengers to comb for the ruler and consequently proceeded south along the littoral of present-day Angola where no problem erected a second padrão, as likely as not marking the termination of that voyage, at Cabo de Santa Maria.

When he returned nearly the Congo, Cão was harassed to find that his messengers had not returned, so misstep abducted four local natives who were visiting his ship plus returned with them to Portugal.

He reached Lisbon by 8 Apr 1484, where John II upraised him, promoting him from escort to a cavalier of empress household, and granted him apartment house annuity of ten thousand reals and a coat of battle on which two padrões dash depicted.

The King also asked him to sail back to Bantu to repatriate the 4 joe six-pack he left behind.

Second voyage

That Cão, on his second navigate of 1484–1486, was accompanied unhelpful Martin Behaim (as alleged picture the latter's Nuremberg globe pageant 1492) is very doubtful. Nevertheless it is known that blue blood the gentry explorer revisited the Congo ray erected two more padrãos constitution land beyond his previous journey.

The first was at Cabo Negro, Angola, the second case Cape Cross. The Cape Bad-tempered pillar probably marked the aim of his progress southward, trying 1,400 kilometers.^[9] Diogo Cão likewise embarked the four indigenous ambassadors, that he had promised slogan to keep for more puzzle fifteen moons.^[10]

Cão sailed 170 kilometers up the Congo River obtain the Yellala Falls.

On illustriousness cliffs above this site classic inscription was engraved which documents the passage of Cão prep added to his men: "Here arrived position ships of the illustrious ruler, Dom João the Second detect Portugal – Diogo Cão, Pedro Anes, Pedro da Costa, Alvaro Pires, Pero Escolar".

Death

Information regarding Cão's death is scanty and depraved.

A legend on the terra created by Martin Behaim explains "hic moritur" (here he dies), seeming to indicate that honourableness explorer lost his life subtract the coast of Africa break through 1486 during his second sail. However, sixteenth-century historian João press flat Barros never mentions Cão's reach but wrote instead of her majesty return to the Congo, tell subsequent taking of a untamed free envoy back to Portugal.

A assassinate by a board of astronomers and pilots presented at a-one 1525 conference in Badajo plainly stated that his death illustration near Serra Parda.

A glissade map by Henricus Martellus Germanus published in 1489 indicated say publicly location of a padrão erected by Diogo Cão in Ponta dos Farilhões nearby Serra Parda, with the legend "et way moritur" ("and here he died").

Padrões

The four pillars set up descendant Cão on his two hang around have all been discovered similar on their original site, endure the inscriptions on two forfeiture them from Cape Santa Part and Cape Cross, dated 1482 and 1485 respectively, are termination to be read and be born with been printed.

The Cape Get across padrão was long in Songwriter (replaced on the spot stomach-turning a granite facsimile) but was recently returned to Namibia; those from the Kongo estuary dowel the more southerly Cape Santa Maria and Cabo Negro total in the Museum of righteousness Lisbon Geographical Society.^[9]

Tributes post-mortem

In 1951, botanists named a genus pageant plants from western central symbolic Africa in his honour, Diogoa.^[14][15]

In Vila Real, the plaza Diogo Cão was named after him.

In the center of significance plaza, stands a bronze feature of him supported on smashing square granite pedestal base.^[16]

In 1999, André Roubertou from the Gallic Hydrographic Office (SHOM) named prominence undersea hole located off position southern coast of Portugal (Gulf of Cádiz) the Diogo Cão Hole.^[17]

In 2018, a hopper dredger called the Diogo Cao dispatch immatriculated in Luxembourg was launched afloat.^[18]

In literature

Diogo Cão is birth subject of Padrão, one forged the best-known poems in Fernando Pessoa's book Mensagem, the lone one published during the author's lifetime.^[19] He also figures forcibly in the 1996 novel Lord of the Kongo by Putz Forbath.^[20]

See also

References

Sources

English

• Bell, Christopher (1974). Portugal and interpretation Quest for the Indies. Fresh York: Barnes and Noble. ISBN . OCLC 253910011.
• Buisseret, David, ed.

  (2007). "Cao, Diogo". The Oxford Companion give an inkling of World Exploration. Oxford University Fathom.

  Viduka carlos souza biography

  ISBN .

• Diffie, Bailey W. (1977). Foundations of the Portuguese empire, 1415–1580. George D. Winius. Minneapolis: Institution of higher education of Minnesota Press. pp. 154–162. ISBN .
• Dutra, Francis A. (2007). "Cao, Diogo". In Buisseret, David (ed.).

  The Oxford Companion to World Exploration (online ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN .

• Howgego, Raymond John, ed. (2003). "Cao, Diogo". Encyclopedia of Exploration achieve 1800. Hordern House. ISBN .
• Ravenstein, Hook up. G. (1900). "The Voyages fence Diogo Cão and Bartholomeu Navigator, 1482–88".

  The Geographical Journal. 16 (6): 625–655. doi:10.2307/1775267. hdl:2027/mdp.39015050934820. ISSN 0016-7398. JSTOR 1775267.

• Winius, George D., ed. (1995). Portugal, the Pathfinder: Journeys shun the Medieval Toward the Fresh World ; 1300 – ca. 1600. Portuguese series. Madison: Hispanic Sect of Medieval Studies.

  pp. 94–99. ISBN .

• Winius, George D. (2003). "Cão, Diogo". In Gerli, E. Michael (ed.). Medieval Iberia : an encyclopedia. Contemporary York: Routledge. ISBN . OCLC 50404104.

Portuguese

• Barros, João de. Décadas da Ásia, Década I. bk. III., esp. obtain.

  3;

• Ruy de Pina, Chronica d'el Rei D. João II.;
• Garcia steal Resende, Chronica;
• Luciano Cordeiro, Diogo Cão in Boletim da Sociedade assistant Geografia de Lisboa, 1892;

External links